Scalable turbocharger performance maps for dynamic state-based engine models

Adapting turbocharger performance maps to a form suitable for dynamic simulations is challenging for the following reasons: (1) the amount of available data is typically limited, (2) data are typically not provided for the entire operating range of the compressor and turbine and (3) the performance data are non-linear. To overcome these challenges, curve fits are typically generated using the performance data individually for each device. The process, however, can take uneconomical amounts of effort to implement for a range of compressors and turbines. This article introduces a method to implement non-dimensional performance maps thereby allowing a range of turbochargers to be modeled from the same performance data, reducing the effort required to implement models of different sizes. The non-dimensional maps seek to model the performance of compressor and turbine families in which the geometry of the rotor and housing are similar and allow the turbocharger to be scaled for simulation in much the same way used to design customized sizes of turbochargers. A method to match the non-dimensional compressor map to engine performance targets by selecting the compressor diameter is presented, as well as a method to match the turbine to the selected compressor.